安裝路徑：/application/mysql-5.7.18
1.前期準(zhǔn)備
mysql依賴
libaio
yum install -y libaio
創(chuàng)建用戶mysql，以該用戶的身份執(zhí)行mysql
useradd -s /bin/false -M mysql
下載mysql二進(jìn)制包并解壓
cd /tools
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /application/
切換到/application目錄，將mysql文件夾名改短,給mysql目錄做一個(gè)軟鏈接
cd /application/
mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql-5.7.18
ln -s mysql-5.7.18/ mysql
在mysql目錄下創(chuàng)建mysql-files，該文件夾權(quán)限為750，遞歸設(shè)置mysql目錄的所屬組和所屬用戶
mkdir mysql/mysql-files
chmod 750 mysql/mysql-files
chown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.7.18/
2.mysql目錄內(nèi)操作
初始化數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
會(huì)在mysql目錄內(nèi)生成一個(gè)data目錄，存放數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的目錄
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data
返回結(jié)果最后一行的末尾有隨機(jī)密碼，我的記下來(lái)：wa0I:1w?V--a
2017-04-28T02:49:00.853710Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wa0I:1w?V--a
想設(shè)置默認(rèn)密碼為空則將--initialize選項(xiàng)替換為--initialize-insecure選項(xiàng)
bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data
安裝ssl
bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir /application/mysql/data/
指定data目錄的路徑
更改所屬用戶和組
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data mysql-files
除了mysql目錄下的data目錄和mysql-files目錄所屬用戶不變，其他所有文件的所屬用戶改為root
修改配置文件
sed -i 's/^datadir=\/var\/lib\/mysql/datadir=\/application\/mysql\/data/g' /etc/my.cnf
sed -i 's/^socket=\/var\/lib\/mysql\/mysql.sock/socket=\/tmp\/mysql.sock/g' /etc/my.cnf
sed -i 's/^log-error=\/var\/log\/mariadb\/mariadb.log/log-error=\/application\/mysql\/data\/err.log/g' /etc/my.cnf
sed -i 's/^pid-file=\/var\/run\/mariadb\/mariadb.pid/pid-file=\/application\/mysql\/data\/mysql.pid/g' /etc/my.cnf
等價(jià)于:
vi /etc/my.cnf
datadir=/application/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/application/mysql/data/err.log
pid-file=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid
/etc/my.cnf Content:
[mysqld]
datadir=/application/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/application/mysql/data/err.log
pid-file=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
拷貝啟動(dòng)程序
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
將mysql的啟動(dòng)程序拷貝到/etc/init.d/目錄下，以便啟動(dòng)程序
編輯啟動(dòng)文件，配置啟動(dòng)目錄
方法一：
思路是給配置文件提供的變量進(jìn)行賦值。較麻煩。
sed -i 's/^basedir=/basedir=\/application\/mysql/g' /etc/init.d/mysql
sed -i 's/^datadir=/datadir=\/application\/mysql\/data/g' /etc/init.d/mysql
sed -i 's/^mysqld_pid_file_path=/mysqld_pid_file_path=\/application\/mysql\/data\/mysql.pid/g' /etc/init.d/mysql
等價(jià)于將45、46兩行
basedir=
datadir=
mysqld_pid_file_path=
替換成
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/application/mysql/data
mysqld_pid_file_path=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid
方法二（推薦）：
思路是將腳本的默認(rèn)地址（/usr/local/mysql）直接替換成自定義路徑（/application/mysql），便不用給變量賦值
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysql
到這里mysql安裝完成可以正常啟動(dòng)
3.后期結(jié)尾
命令創(chuàng)建軟鏈接
將mysql命令創(chuàng)建軟鏈接到環(huán)境變量的目錄，使用戶可以在變量找到相應(yīng)的命令
ln -s /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin
登錄mysql
[root@www mysql]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: #輸入之前保存的隨機(jī)密碼drRR0
...
mysql> #成功登陸到mysql控制臺(tái)
修改密碼sql語(yǔ)句
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'NewPassWord';
#將密碼修改為NewPassWord
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) #修改成功
鍵入quit或Ctrl + d退出
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@www mysql]#
or
mysql> ^DBye
[root@www mysql]#
4.常用命令
進(jìn)入mysql
啟動(dòng)mysql
停止mysql
重啟mysql
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的Mysql5.7.18版本（二進(jìn)制包安裝）自定義安裝路徑教程詳解，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助，如果大家有任何疑問(wèn)請(qǐng)給我留言，小編會(huì)及時(shí)回復(fù)大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對(duì)腳本之家網(wǎng)站的支持！
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