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詳解mongodb搭建Replica Set的方法

1.創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)文件夾：

mkdir -p /data/master  
mkdir -p /data/slaver  
mkdir -p /data/arbiter

效果：

data 文件夾包含 arbiter master slaver 三個(gè)文件夾

2.創(chuàng)建日志存放文件

vi /log/master.log
vi /log/slaver.log
vi /log/arbiter.log

效果：

log文件夾包含 master.log slaver.log arbiter.log 三個(gè)文件（注意，data文件夾和lon文件夾均無(wú)上級(jí)文件夾，可自行創(chuàng)建不同名稱(chēng)不同位置的文件夾，注意路徑與下文中的配置文件一致即可）

3.創(chuàng)建配置文件

在第一步創(chuàng)建的三個(gè)文件中創(chuàng)建文件夾同名.conf 后綴文件，即：master文件夾中應(yīng)有 master.conf 文件，slaver文件夾中應(yīng)有 slaver.conf文件，arbiter文件夾中應(yīng)有 arbiter.conf文件。

各配置文件內(nèi)容如下：

master.conf

dbpath =/data/master
logpath = /log/master.log
pidfilepath =/data/ master.pid
directoryperdb = true
logappend = true
replSet = away
bind_ip = localhost
port = 27018
#fork = true

slaver.conf

dbpath =/data/slaver
logpath =/log/slaver.log
pidfilepath = /data/slaver.pid
directoryperdb = true
logappend = true
replSet = away
bind_ip = localhost
port = 27019
#fork = true

arbiter.conf

dbpath = /data/arbiter
logpath = /log/arbiter.log
pidfilepath = arbiter.pid
directoryperdb = true
logappend = true
replSet = away
bind_ip = localhost
port = 27020
#fork = true

replSet、bind_ip、port三個(gè)屬性可根據(jù)自己情況進(jìn)行更改。

屬性大致解釋如下：

dbpath：數(shù)據(jù)存放目錄

logpath：日志存放路徑

pidfilepath：進(jìn)程文件，方便停止mongodb

directoryperdb：為每一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)按照數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名建立文件夾存放

logappend：以追加的方式記錄日志

replSet：replica set的名字

bind_ip：mongodb所綁定的ip地址

port：mongodb進(jìn)程所使用的端口號(hào)，默認(rèn)為27017

oplogSize：mongodb操作日志文件的最大大小。單位為Mb，默認(rèn)為硬盤(pán)剩余空間的5%

fork：以后臺(tái)方式運(yùn)行進(jìn)程

noprealloc：不預(yù)先分配存儲(chǔ)

4.啟動(dòng)mongod程序

mongod --config 配置路徑>

例如：

lhd@lhd:~$ sudo mongod --config /data/master/master.conf
[sudo] lhd 的密碼：

輸入密碼即可，此出應(yīng)注意啟動(dòng)權(quán)限。

5.主從配置

1).啟動(dòng)mongo客戶(hù)端：

mongo localhost:27018

運(yùn)行結(jié)果如下：

mongo localhost:27018
MongoDB shell version v4.4.2
connecting to: mongodb://localhost:27018/test?compressors=disabledgssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("0078e025-5485-4967-85c8-160755ac3d58") }
MongoDB server version: 4.4.2
---
The server generated these startup warnings when booting:
        2020-12-22T09:39:40.347+08:00: Using the XFS filesystem is strongly recommended with the WiredTiger storage engine. See http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/prodnotes-filesystem
        2020-12-22T09:39:41.093+08:00: Access control is not enabled for the database. Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted
        2020-12-22T09:39:41.094+08:00: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended
        2020-12-22T09:39:41.095+08:00: Soft rlimits too low
        2020-12-22T09:39:41.095+08:00:         currentValue: 1024
        2020-12-22T09:39:41.095+08:00:         recommendedMinimum: 64000
---
---
        Enable MongoDB's free cloud-based monitoring service, which will then receive and display
        metrics about your deployment (disk utilization, CPU, operation statistics, etc).

        The monitoring data will be available on a MongoDB website with a unique URL accessible to you
        and anyone you share the URL with. MongoDB may use this information to make product
        improvements and to suggest MongoDB products and deployment options to you.

        To enable free monitoring, run the following command: db.enableFreeMonitoring()
        To permanently disable this reminder, run the following command: db.disableFreeMonitoring()
---

2).設(shè)置主，從，仲裁點(diǎn)

use admin
switched to db admin

zjd={_id:"one",members:[{_id:0,host:"localhost:27018",priority:2},{_id:1,host:"localhost:27019",priority:1},{_id:2,host:"localhost:27020",arbiterOnly:true}]};

zjd是可以任意的名字，不要用mongodb的關(guān)鍵字，conf，config都可以。

第一個(gè)_id表示replica set的名字，這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)必須和第三步配置文件中的replica set一致，不然會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)。

members里包含的是所有節(jié)點(diǎn)的地址以及優(yōu)先級(jí)，優(yōu)先級(jí)最高的即成為主節(jié)點(diǎn)，值為0則不會(huì)參加選舉成為主節(jié)點(diǎn)，對(duì)于仲裁節(jié)點(diǎn)，需要有個(gè)特別的配置——arbiterOnly:true。這個(gè)千萬(wàn)不能少了，不然主備模式就不能生效。

配置的生效時(shí)間根據(jù)不同的機(jī)器配置會(huì)有長(zhǎng)有短，配置不錯(cuò)的話基本上十幾秒內(nèi)就能生效，有的配置需要一兩分鐘。

3).使配置生效

rs.initiate(zjd)

顯示：

{
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(0, 0),
	"ok" : 0,
	"errmsg" : "Rejecting initiate with a set name that differs from command line set name, initiate set name: one, command line set name: away",
	"code" : 93,
	"codeName" : "InvalidReplicaSetConfig",
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(0, 0),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
		}
	}
}

4).查看狀態(tài)

> rs.status()

顯示：

{
	"set" : "away",
	"date" : ISODate("2020-12-22T02:07:27.058Z"),
	"myState" : 2,
	"term" : NumberLong(0),
	"syncSourceHost" : "",
	"syncSourceId" : -1,
	"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
	"majorityVoteCount" : 2,
	"writeMajorityCount" : 2,
	"votingMembersCount" : 3,
	"writableVotingMembersCount" : 2,
	"optimes" : {
		"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
			"t" : NumberLong(-1)
		},
		"lastCommittedWallTime" : ISODate("1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"),
		"appliedOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1608602837, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(-1)
		},
		"durableOpTime" : {
			"ts" : Timestamp(1608602837, 1),
			"t" : NumberLong(-1)
		},
		"lastAppliedWallTime" : ISODate("2020-12-22T02:07:17.467Z"),
		"lastDurableWallTime" : ISODate("2020-12-22T02:07:17.467Z")
	},
	"lastStableRecoveryTimestamp" : Timestamp(0, 0),
	"members" : [
		{
			"_id" : 0,
			"name" : "localhost:27018",
			"health" : 1,
			"state" : 2,
			"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
			"uptime" : 1667,
			"optime" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(1608602837, 1),
				"t" : NumberLong(-1)
			},
			"optimeDate" : ISODate("2020-12-22T02:07:17Z"),
			"syncSourceHost" : "",
			"syncSourceId" : -1,
			"infoMessage" : "Could not find member to sync from",
			"configVersion" : 1,
			"configTerm" : 0,
			"self" : true,
			"lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
		},
		{
			"_id" : 1,
			"name" : "localhost:27019",
			"health" : 1,
			"state" : 2,
			"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
			"uptime" : 9,
			"optime" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(1608602837, 1),
				"t" : NumberLong(-1)
			},
			"optimeDurable" : {
				"ts" : Timestamp(1608602837, 1),
				"t" : NumberLong(-1)
			},
			"optimeDate" : ISODate("2020-12-22T02:07:17Z"),
			"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2020-12-22T02:07:17Z"),
			"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2020-12-22T02:07:26.714Z"),
			"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2020-12-22T02:07:26.768Z"),
			"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
			"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
			"syncSourceHost" : "",
			"syncSourceId" : -1,
			"infoMessage" : "",
			"configVersion" : 1,
			"configTerm" : 0
		},
		{
			"_id" : 2,
			"name" : "localhost:27020",
			"health" : 1,
			"state" : 7,
			"stateStr" : "ARBITER",
			"uptime" : 9,
			"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2020-12-22T02:07:26.713Z"),
			"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2020-12-22T02:07:25.991Z"),
			"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
			"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
			"syncSourceHost" : "",
			"syncSourceId" : -1,
			"infoMessage" : "",
			"configVersion" : 1,
			"configTerm" : 0
		}
	],
	"ok" : 1,
	"$clusterTime" : {
		"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1608602837, 1),
		"signature" : {
			"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
			"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
		}
	},
	"operationTime" : Timestamp(1608602837, 1)
}

配置完成！

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